Balance due & the collection ladder

Letter 3172 notice — act this week

The IRS has filed a Notice of Federal Tax Lien — a public record telling your creditors the government claims your property for a tax balance — and this letter gives you the right to appeal the filing at a hearing.

Last stop

What this letter is

The IRS has filed a Notice of Federal Tax Lien — a public record telling your creditors the government claims your property for a tax balance — and this letter gives you the right to appeal the filing at a hearing.

Why you got it: A balance went unpaid and unarranged long enough for the IRS to protect its claim publicly.

What it is not

Not a levy: a lien doesn't take anything today. But it is public, it attaches to what you own and what you acquire, and the hearing right to challenge it runs on a short clock printed on the letter.

Your first move: Find the request-by date printed on the letter and calendar it. A timely hearing request (Form 12153) is how you challenge the filing or propose alternatives before Appeals.

Your deadline, counted

Every clock runs from this date — not from the day the letter reached you.

Your options, in the order most people should try them

1. Request the hearing

Keeps Appeals and Tax Court open and puts alternatives on the record.

2. Pay and seek withdrawal

A paid balance can qualify for lien withdrawal — different from release — which matters for your record.

3. Plan toward release

Direct-debit plans under $25,000 can qualify for withdrawal after three on-time payments.

Your rights on this letter

  • CDP hearing on the lien filing itself (Form 12153).
  • At the hearing: propose a plan, an offer, or ask about lien withdrawal, discharge, or subordination for a specific property.
  • Tax Court petition within 30 days of an adverse determination.

How to respond

Form 12153 to the address on the letter, certified mail, return receipt — and use the letter's printed request-by date.

Scam check

A filed lien is verifiable: it sits in your county's public records and in your IRS account. Scam letters invent liens that exist in neither.

If you ignore it

The lien stays public — it can complicate selling or borrowing against property — until the balance is paid or the 10-year collection clock expires. The equivalent-hearing fallback lasts one year (for lien notices, one year plus five business days) without Tax Court review.

Where this sits on the ladder: This letter stands on its own track — see the collection ladder for the enforcement road.

Included in the $39 IRSLetterDecoded Kit

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Sources, checked 2026-10-19:
  • 26 U.S.C. 6320
  • IRS — Collection Due Process (CDP) FAQs
  • IRS Publication 1660